VIT 210 - Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester

Application
Martindale Abrasion & Pilling Tester. To determine the abrasion and pilling resistance of all
kinds of textile structures. Samples are rubbed against known abrasives at low pressures and
in continuously changing directions. The amount of abrasion or pilling is compared against
standard parameters.

The unique design of our Martindale abrasion tester allows removal of individual sample
holders for examination without lifting the top motion plate. It provides individual counters and
parking function, interval time settable and a large touch-screen display. Standard sample
holders and 9 and 12kpa Weights are included.

The Martindale abrasion tester is available with 4, 6, 8 or 9 test positions.

Included Accessories (1 for each station)
Abrasion test (To ISO 12947-1)
a) Mounting weight (2.5+/-0.5kg, for both abrasion and pilling test)
b) Abrasion tester holders (Dia. 38 mm)
c) Loading Weights (395+/-7g)
d) Loading Weights (595+/-7g)

Pilling Test (To ISO 12945-2)
a) Linear adaptor. To convert to straight-line motion.
b) Sample Retaining Rings for pilling test
c) Pilling test holders (Dia. 90mm)
d) Loading Weights (260+/-1g)
1 Auxiliary device for specimen .
1 Drawing pen
1 set of abradent fabric, wool felt, backing foam for each work station.

Optional orders
a) Specimen Cutter. (Dia. 38mm) with cutting mat and spare blades.
b) Abrasive Fabric & Backing Felt Cutter. (Dia. 140mm) with cutting mat and spare blades.
c) Standard Wool Abrasive Fabric SM25. 1.6M wide x 5M length – For abrasion test and pilling test(when automatic)
d) Standard Backing Foam. Width 1.5M, Length 0.5M.
e) Standard Backing Wool Felt Piece (woven) 1m x 1.5m.
f) EMPA Photographic Standards for Pilling Test (3 x 4 knitted)
g) EMPA Photographic Standards for Pilling Test (3 x 4 woven)
h) SM 50 Photographs for Pilling Test IWS + ASTM.

Standards
EN ISO 12945-2/12947-1/12947-2/12947-3/12947-4, ISO 20344, ASTM 4966/4970, BS EN
388/530, BS 3424/5690, JIS L1096, DIN 53863/53865, GB/T 13775, SATRA TM31, IS 12673, IWSTM 112/196, IWTO 40-88, SFS 4328, NEXT 16, GMW15651, ISO 5470-2, M&S 17 / 19 /
19C, Next 18/18a/18b, GB/T 4802.2/21196 1/21196-2, Wool Mark TM 112/196

Power
220 /110 V 50/60 Hz

Weight
155 Kg

Dimensions
920 x 760 x 630 mm (L x W x H)

Martindale Abrasion & Pilling Resistance Test Method

Reference method:

  • ISO

ISO 12945-2: Test method for pilling resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method

ISO 12947: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method

  • ASTM

ASTM D4966: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Abrasion Tester

ASTM D4970: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method

  • GB

GB/T 4802-2: Test method for pilling resistance of fabrics

GB/T 21196: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method (Martindale Abrasion Tester, Determination of Test Piece Breakage, Determination of Quality Loss, Determination of Appearance changes)

GB/T13775: Test method for abrasion resistance of cotton, linen and spun silk

  • EN

EN ISO 12947: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method

  • BS

BS ISO 12947: Test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics: Martindale Method

Martindale abrasion tester working principle:

Test piece of fabric is placed in the specimen clamp, and it will be rubbed against with abradant in a Lissajous figure. According to the requirement, once the test piece is broken, test piece should be taken down to calculate its abrasion resistance index, or evaluate its rating of pilling through the visual description of abrasion.

Technical specification:

  • Number of working position: 4, 6, 8, 9
  • Counting display: 0-999999 times
  • Holder Moving distance:  60.5±0.5mm,  24±0.5mm
  • Pressing substance mass:

Weight for garment sample: 595±2g

Weight for furniture decorator sample: 795±2g

  • Effective fiction dia. of grinding blocks:

Type A: 198g (1.94N) pressure head (9KPa) ￠28.8-0.084mm

Type B: 155g (1.52N) pressure head (12 KPa) ￠90-0.1mm

  • Relative motion speed of clamp and grinding table: 47.5±2.5 turns/min
  • Weight for sample loading hammer: 2500±10g

Test apparatus:

  • A copy of the product manual
  • Type A pressure head and type B pressure head: 4/4 working positions, 6/6 working positions, 8/8 working positions, 9/9 working positions
  • Weight for furniture decorator sample of 795g and weight for garment sample of 595g: 4/4 working positions, 6/6 working positions, 8/8 working positions, 9/9 working positions
  • Standard felt: 4/4 working positions, 6/6 working positions, 8/8 working positions, 9/9 working positions
  • Leather collar: 4/4 working positions, 6/6 working positions, 8/8 working positions, 9/9 working positions
  • Weight for sample loading hammer of 2500g: 1
  • Sample loader: 1
  • Fuse: 2
  • Steel ball: 6
  • Drawing pen: 1
  • Circular shear template of F40mm、F90mm、F140mm: one for each
  • Other necessary accessories recommended by manufacturer

Test procedure:

  1. Test piece preparation

In the standard environment, we put the test piece in the tiled state for a period of time according to different standard. For example, 24h (GB/T 4802.2), 16h(EN ISO 12947-4).

  1. Test piece selection

The sample shall be cut from different parts of the whole fabric with representative. If it is a fancy fabric , the sample shall include all the different tissues and colors presented by the cloth.

  1. Taking down the additional loading weight and bearing axle.
  2. Taking down the top and clamp holder.
  3. Test placement

Loosening the retaining ring of test clamp, we should put the test piece into the test clamp base. If the test piece is smaller than 500g/m2, we need to put a foam between the test piece and the metal clamp. Oppositely, it is big enough, or it is compound fabric, we don’t need the foam. Each piece held in test clamp should get the same tension.

  1. Placement of wool felt and abradant

Putting the wool felt and abradant on the holder, and the weight for sample loading hammer on the abradant, and then tighten the nut in order to fasten the abradant on the holder by retaining rings.

  1. Pressing the abradant on the pressure head.
  2. Let the side of test clamp with test piece face down, and put it on the test clamp base. After that, the bearing axle should be adjusted until it aligns and inserts the circular groove of clamp.
  3. According to standard, we settle the number of times on the tester and turn on it. Won’t be stop itself until it achieves enough times in the measurement.
  4. Taking down the test piece and compare it with photographic standard.

 

Martindale vs Wyzenbeek conversion

  Standard Abrasion Determination
Martindale European Lissajous figure The number of double wear cycles achieved before the yarn breaks appear
Wyzenbeek United States Warp direction & fill of weft The number of cycles that the fabric can endure before it remains the same appearance

(The ratio of Martindale rating to Wyzenbeek rating is 3 to 4.)

Drive system is PLC, programmable control with large touch-screen
Abrasion test
a) Max stroke of movement 60.5+/-0.5mm
b) Weight of holder and spindle 200+/-1g

Pilling test
a) Max stroke of movement 24+/-0.5mm
b) Weight of holder and spindle 155+/-1g